Vectorspace AI Zprávy

The number of researchers publishing over 60 papers a year has quadrupled in the past decade, with Saudi Arabia and Thailand experiencing the most significant increases. This surge raises concerns about questionable research practices and potential fraud. The growth is most prominent in clinical medicine, with agriculture, fisheries, and forestry exhibiting the fastest expansion in extremely productive researchers. Some attribute this trend to changes in research funding and incentives, while others worry about the implications for research quality. Authorities in Thailand are investigating researchers with unusually prolific publication records and cases of suspected authorship fraud.

Researchers from Baylor College of Medicine's Center for Space Medicine (CSM) are collaborating with the Australian Antarctic Division (AAD) to conduct behavioral health research in Antarctica. This research, known as the Australian Antarctic Space Analog (AASA), aims to understand the mental health challenges faced by individuals in isolated and extreme environments, similar to those experienced in space missions. The collaboration involves projects focusing on medical imaging training, body composition changes, and addressing behavioral challenges associated with isolation. The findings may contribute to advancements in space health research, aiding future missions to the moon and Mars, as well as providing solutions for healthcare in remote Earth communities.

The regulatory approval of the ARCT-154 COVID-19 vaccine in Japan, the world's first 'self-amplifying' RNA (saRNA) vaccine, marks a significant milestone. Developed by Arcturus Therapeutics and CSL, this saRNA vaccine platform demonstrated higher and longer-lasting antibody levels in clinical trials compared to standard mRNA vaccines. SaRNA vaccines, distinct from conventional mRNA vaccines, integrate genes for RNA replication and synthesis of the viral protein inside cells, potentially allowing lower vaccine doses with fewer side effects. This approval validates the saRNA platform's potential to address infectious diseases and cancers more effectively.

CRISPR-based genome-editing therapies have achieved regulatory approval for treating genetic blood disorders, marking the beginning of a new era in medicine. Classical CRISPR-Cas9 therapies are considered the first generation of genome editing, and new techniques aim to overcome their limitations. Advanced approaches include base editing, which precisely changes individual DNA bases, and prime editing, offering flexibility by inserting or deleting DNA at targeted sites. Researchers are also exploring epigenome editing, altering gene expression without changing the DNA sequence. These advancements signal the potential for more precise and versatile genome-editing techniques in treating various diseases.

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